Romanesque Art and Thought in the Twelfth Century

First classified as an early phase of the Gothic, Romanesque art of the late eleventh and twelfth centuries presents a variety of challenges. Difficulties as to when the Romanesque began or ended (even within individual countries), the disparities in local idioms of the style, and its intrinsic links to nationalism in a variety of countries in the post-medieval period have sometimes hindered scholarly research on a European scale.

It is a period and style that is best studied with no c…