Controlling Government Spending: The Ethos, Ethics, and Economics of Expenditure Management

A persistent problem faced by governments in developing and industrial countries, both at central and sub-national levels, relates to the control of burgeoning public expenditures. In recognition of this problem, governments have made several efforts to reform the operational systems of planning and control of their expenditures. These efforts, which reached a critical stage during the nineties, have not, by and large, been successful. Thus expenditure management systems are in the throes of …